A therapeutic gastritis diet reduces discomfort and eliminates stomach pain caused by inflammation. A correctly selected menu improves the effectiveness of therapeutic measures and normalizes digestion. Special foods for gastritis of the stomach include treatment tables n. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The choice of a particular menu depends on the acidity of the gastric juice and the duration of the disease.
Table number 1, 4, 5 is presented in several variations. In the number of the main diet, they are designated by letters and used depending on the severity of symptoms, the period of the disease (acute form, fainting, chronic).
Organizing the correct diet for gastritis means completely reviewing your diet, eliminating foods that irritate the gastric mucosa. In the presence of this disease, the emphasis is on steamed and boiled dishes. For any type of gastritis, it is forbidden to eat spicy, fried and fatty foods.
Healing diets for people with certain diseases were developed in 1929 by scientists. The diet system includes 15 main tables with specific options and fasting periods.
Food for gastritis of the stomach is organized taking into account the rules:
- optimal temperature of the dishes;
- food intake should be done at the same time, meals should be divided, 5-6 times a day;
- overeating is not allowed;
- when choosing a diet, take into account concomitant diseases;
- alcohol, smoking is excluded;
- you should refuse smoked, pickled and spicy dishes;
- dinner is recommended 2-3 hours before bedtime;
- it is necessary to chew food well;
- it is better to refrain from eating snacks while running;
- drink liquids no earlier than 30 minutes after eating;
- boil food well.
This regimen has a positive effect on the gastric mucosa and heals it. The menu for gastritis should be varied, include a sufficient amount of nutrients, vitamins and minerals. The patient does not need to starve.
List of medicines for gastritis
A therapeutic diet for patients with gastritis necessarily involves the use of enveloping foods, which restore damaged mucous cells. Foods rich in vitamins of group B are appreciated. By the way, in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, there is a deficiency of these vitamins. Useful foods to eat for all forms of chronic gastritis:
- oats - a source of fiber, antioxidants;
- vegetable oils - contain fatty acids, tocopherol;
- dairy products (if well tolerated, it does not cause bloating);
- fermented dairy products and beverages - normalize intestinal function due to the high content of beneficial microorganisms that help maintain healthy immunity;
- ripe bananas - stimulate the production of protective mucus, are rich in B vitamins, magnesium;
- berries - they are better absorbed than fruits, with an increase in the production of secretory fluid, non-acidic varieties are chosen;
- white rice - has absorbent properties;
- potatoes - normalizes metabolism, raw vegetable juice is used medicinally.
The correct drinking regimen will help alleviate the condition in case of exacerbation and discomfort. The liquid improves intestinal motility and the functioning of the digestive tract, dilutes excess acid in the stomach. The volume of clean water without gases must be at least 1. 5 liters per day.
Characteristics of nutrition with high acidity.
The gastroenterologist prescribes a diet after ph-metry, a diagnostic procedure in which the acidity level of the gastric contents is measured. It is usually done during an endoscopy.
Symptoms of acid gastritis can include heartburn, rib pain, and between meals. When inflammation occurs due to excessive production of secretory fluid, the menu in table number 1 is recommended.
To normalize the acidity (pH level), the patient is prescribed a strict diet. Any indulgence on the menu can cause discomfort and pain.
The list of allowed products that restore the mucous membrane and reduce the acidity of the stomach are as follows:
- liquid porridge;
- lean soups;
- side dishes: mashed potatoes, boiled vegetables, durum wheat pasta, well-boiled buckwheat, rice;
- lean meat and fish meatballs, meatballs;
- cheese;
- beef-based sausage;
- dairy products;
- sweet fruits, berries;
- stale bread, crackers;
- cheese casserole;
- jelly, souffle;
- for dessert: honey, marshmallow, jam, boneless raisins, dry crackers.
The menu should include butter and vegetable oil. Meat and fish main dishes during remission can be cooked in whole pieces. Vegetables are used only in boiled form.
Fresh onions and garlic irritate the inflamed mucous membrane, so they should not be eaten for gastritis. Boiled, these vegetables are allowed in small quantities.
Weak tea, rosehip decoction, milk jelly, and dried fruit compote are considered the most useful drinks for people diagnosed with hyperacid gastritis.
What not to eat with gastritis
List of prohibited foods for gastritis:
- Salo;
- dumplings;
- liver;
- mushrooms;
- margarine spread;
- Fast food;
- Rye bread;
- thick cream;
- coffee;
- chocolate;
- spices
- fresh fruits (except bananas, sweet apples, pears);
- radish;
- ice cream;
- confectionery;
- baking;
- canned food;
- carbonated drinks;
- salty cheeses;
- lollipops;
- marinades.
With an exacerbation of the disease, you need to limit the use of pasta, shellfish, seeds, nuts. If, in addition to inflammation of the stomach, there is still a disease of the liver, gallbladder, eggs are used as components of dishes. Eating them separately, in the form of an omelette, is undesirable for a combination of gastrointestinal illnesses.
Foods allowed for hyperacid gastritis
Treatment in combination with a therapeutic diet that excludes dishes that increase the production of secretory fluid in the stomach will help to normalize the level of acidity.
Diet therapy significantly accelerates the healing process with superficial focal gastritis. In most cases, minor damage to the mucous membrane can be cured with the help of the medical menu and medications in 10 to 14 days. With deep injuries, eating properly for life is recommended.
List of foods that can be ingested for gastritis with high acidity:
- Flour products. It is allowed to eat yesterday's wheat flour bread, lingering biscuits.
- Cereals. The most beneficial for the stomach are rice, buckwheat, rolled oats.
- Mashed vegetables. It is recommended to make salads with grated vegetables.
- Eggs. They should be boiled well. You should eat eggs no more than 3 times a week.
- Dairy products. They neutralize excess stomach acid.
- Cheese of hard and curd varieties.
- Lean meat. The most useful varieties for gastritis are turkey, rabbit.
- Low fat sea and river fish. Pollock, cod, pink salmon, flounder, hake, pike are suitable.
- Desserts Allowed sweets include honey, jelly, marshmallow, jam, marshmallow. From baking, you can curdle the casserole.
- Still mineral water.
Features of the diet for hypoacid gastritis.
In people with low acidity, the digestion process slows down due to a lack of enzymes. Symptoms of this disease are poor appetite, weight loss, pale skin, vitamin deficiency.
Thick food provokes an exacerbation. People with a hypoacid form of gastritis are prohibited from using:
- peeled fruit;
- berries with seeds: raspberries, strawberries, currants;
- pure milk.
The list of foods for gastritis with high acidity is roughly the same as that for the hyperacid form. There are also differences in diet. With low acidity, it is allowed to use:
- sour fruits, vegetables and berries (citrus also belong to this group);
- salty cucumbers;
- Tomatoes;
- fruit juice.
Particular attention is paid to chopping food. It is advisable to eat food in a quiet environment, chew well. With low acidity, there may be intolerance to meat, milk, eggs. In this case, foods that cause discomfort are excluded from the diet so as not to provoke complications of gastritis.
To increase the level of acidity, they follow a diet based on increasing gastric juice production. Along with the allowed products, the doctor often prescribes taking digestive enzymes.
Diet with exacerbation of the disease.
The menu is prepared based on table number 1a. Restrictions are observed for 5-7 days. When the symptoms disappear, the diet is gradually expanded. If acute gastritis is accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, the body needs more fluid. Water helps to restore the water-salt balance. If the active phase of the disease is accompanied by pain and constipation, table n is recommended. 1b.
Approximate menu from diet table 1B:
- 1st breakfast: steamed omelette with 2 eggs, semolina milk porridge, milk.
- 2nd breakfast: milk.
- Lunch: rice soup mashed milk, steamed meat souffle with mashed potatoes, apple jelly.
- Snack: rosehip broth, crackers.
- Dinner: steamed cottage cheese souffle, fruit jelly.
- At night: milk.
The diet for acute gastritis consists of liquid and ground meals that promote healing of the gastric mucosa:
- slimy soups with rice and rolled oats;
- steamed cutlets, soufflé with minced meat;
- slimy porridge;
- jelly;
- clear tea
Characteristics of table number 5
When gastritis is combined with cholecystitis, liver diseases, the patient is recommended to follow the diet table number 5. It is also prescribed for people with mild inflammation of the stomach. The diet restricts the use of foods rich in uric acid. The list of prohibited foods includes liver, yeast, canned fish, salmon, mushrooms, shrimp, and mussels. The consumption of egg yolk should be limited.
Sample menu for chronic gastritis
Recipes for dishes from gastritis include various foods with long heat treatment. The easiest way to stick to a special diet is to come up with a rough menu in advance for next week.
The daily rate of sugar is 20 g, bread - 250 g, butter - 20 g The menu is designed for 6 meals. Of these, 3 main are breakfast, lunch, dinner, and 2 snacks. For an afternoon snack, baked apples, pears, bananas, and cookies are allowed. Of the drinks, rosehip infusion, compote are suitable. 2 hours before bedtime, drink a glass of milk or kefir.
Diet recipes
Most of the diet consists of liquid and chopped foods. The recipes for the listed dishes are suitable not only for adults, but also for children. A therapeutic diet for gastritis allows the use of baked goods made with yeast-free dough. The ideal option is sponge cake cookies.
It is necessary to eat with gastritis regularly, in small portions and avoid overeating.
For breakfast with gastritis, the best is porridge. Cereals are boiled well and simmered under the lid for 10-15 minutes. Barley, barley and pea porridges are prohibited for gastritis. The plate must be viscous or liquid to have an enveloping effect.
The rice is poured into 400 ml of boiling water and simmered until the liquid is absorbed. Add 2 tablespoons of sugar, ½ teaspoon of salt to the porridge and slowly pour in 400 ml of milk. The rice is boiled for 15 to 20 minutes. Cover the plate and leave it for 5-10 minutes. Before serving, you can add a piece of butter to the porridge.
Soup recipes
The first courses include vegetarian soups. Rich broths increase the production of secretory fluid, which is why they are prohibited for people with high acidity of the stomach and ulcerative gastritis. The best options for the first course are the slimy rice soup and the vegetable puree soup.
To prepare oatmeal soup, you will need 0. 5 rolled oats, 600 ml of water, salt. The oatmeal is cooked for 10-15 minutes. Such a soup can be prepared with the addition of lleison, a mixture of milk and egg. It is added at the end of cooking. Beat the egg and 200 ml of milk in a separate bowl. The finished soup is filtered through a strainer. After that, it is beaten with a whisk and brought to a boil again. Lezon is poured in a fine stream 5 minutes after the stove is turned off. In this case, the content is constantly stirred to obtain a homogeneous mass.
Slimy rice soup can be made with milk.
Ingredients:
- 55 g of cereals;
- 400 ml of milk;
- 150 ml of water;
- vegetable oil;
- Salt;
- 2 teaspoons of sugar.
Rice is washed, boiled in water until half cooked. Then add milk, sugar, salt. Before serving, season with vegetable oil, crackers.
Diet foods for gastritis include vegetable broths. For example, cauliflower soup. To prepare the broth, you need a little onion, carrots, 200 g of cabbage. The vegetables are boiled for 15 to 20 minutes and then minced with a blender. Bring the puree soup to a boil, add the 10% cream and turn off the heat. Sprinkle herbs on the finished dish.
Meat souffle
The second courses are prepared with whole or minced meat. An alternative to steamed cutlets is the meat souffle. For cooking, take 300 g of beef. It can be replaced with a rabbit, chicken. It is better to refuse pork and lamb for gastritis. Fatty varieties provoke an exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the stomach.
The meat is boiled until tender and minced. In a separate bowl, whisk together 2 egg yolks and a tablespoon of sour cream. The ingredients are mixed until obtaining a homogeneous mass with the addition of warm water, salted to taste. It is not advisable to use the water in which the meat was cooked, since the diet for gastritis excludes rich broths.
The mixture is spread out in a buttered mold. The remaining egg whites are beaten with a mixer until a stiff foam is obtained and added to the total mass. The souffle is baked in the oven at 180 ° until a light crust appears.
meatballs
The boneless fish is passed through a meat grinder. Minced meat is combined with an egg, 1 tablespoon of flour, salt. Small balls are formed from the resulting mixture. Fill nonstick skillet ¼ full with water. The formed meatballs are dipped in boiling water and simmered for 25-30 minutes.
Vegetable stew
Ingredients:
- cauliflower;
- potato;
- onion;
- zucchini;
- carrot;
- Salt;
- olive oil.
A little water is poured over the onion and the carrots are cut on a grater and cooked. After 10 minutes, add the rest of the diced vegetables. The stew is cooked until smooth. Cooking time 20-30 minutes. Olive oil is added to the vegetable stew before serving.
desserts
To make rice pudding you will need:
- 100 g of rice and cottage cheese;
- 1 glass of milk;
- 1 glass of water;
- egg;
- 3 teaspoons of sugar;
- 4 tablespoons of sour cream 15%;
- a pinch of salt.
The grains are boiled in water with milk and salt, rubbed until soft. Then add the rest of the ingredients except the sour cream and mix well. The pudding is cooked in a greased pan in a bain-marie. The finished dish is eaten with sour cream.
Fruit jelly can be made with jam, water and jelly, following the proportions indicated on the package. To prepare the dessert, you will need 2 glasses of jam, 200 ml of water, 5 teaspoons of powder. Water with gelatin is placed in a water bath and heated to a liquid state, jam is added. The contents are thoroughly mixed and distributed into molds. Gelatin is placed in the refrigerator for 2 hours to thicken.
Bakery
Butter dough should be excluded during the therapeutic diet for gastritis. Licensed baked goods may be allowed during the remission period no more than 1-2 times per week. Oatmeal casseroles, biscuits and cookies will become a substitute for buns for stomach ailments. Lean pancakes, baked, and cheesecakes are also allowed.
Hercules Cookies:
- 200 g of crushed flakes;
- 200 g of baby fruit puree;
- 40 g of dried apricots or raisins;
- Coconut flakes.
All the ingredients are mixed and flat balls are formed. Bake on a baking sheet at 180 ° for 30 minutes. It is advisable to cover the form with parchment paper.
How to cook jelly
Fresh berries and jam are perfect for making jelly. For 1 liter of drink, you will need 1 tablespoon of starch and 100 g of jam. Bring the water with the jam to a boil, filter. The starch is dissolved in 100 ml of cold liquid and poured into the resulting syrup. Kissel should be boiled over medium heat. In addition, it must be constantly stirred. The fire goes out after foams appear on the surface of the gelatin.
Drinks
For the compote, you need a ready-made mixture of prunes, raisins, apples. Dried fruits are poured into the pan after the water boils. Cooking time is 15-20 minutes. You can make applesauce, non-sour berries.
Using healthy diet recipes, you can not only cure stomach ailments, but also lose weight by several kilos without harm to health.
The time to follow a therapeutic diet for gastritis will depend on the severity of the symptoms and the degree of inflammation. As a general rule, it is recommended by the attending physician. The menu of diet tables is used to treat and prevent exacerbations of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Proper nutrition will help eliminate unpleasant symptoms, pain, and stomach discomfort.